Tuesday, June 27, 2017

Threshold for "Deadly" days


The Nature paper (referenced last entry) determines the threshold for "deadly" days by sifting through and classifying various reported heat wave events  in places like France and Southern Australia and comparing them to days with "ordinary weather" in the same place, using a classification technique ("support vector machines") that aims to draw boundaries between types of events based on what appear to be discriminatory boundaries between attributes. In this case it is found with only a fair degree of reliability that heat-attributed deaths generally occur on hot days, with a lesser impact from high humidity. Notably unsurprising conclusions.

By picking points from the chart I developed a simple linear relationship (shown above in green) that emulates the "deadly" boundary. It also appeared to me (as an old psychrometrician) that the boundary appeared to correspond fairly well to a wet bulb temperature of about 26, at least when humidities are 70 percent or more, which is usually the case in Bangkok. Given the broad approximations of the method the study dictates that on days with usual hot-season humidity in the tropics the average daily temperature becomes "deadly" at about 29 degrees.

Readers of this blog might recall that this is the temperature where I turn on the bedroom air conditioner at night. Readers who have some experience with wet bulb and global wet bulb temperatures will be aware that military training and sports practice are thermally acceptable at wet bulb temperatures of 26, heading into precautionary modes only above Twb=26.

Saturday, June 24, 2017

Global risk of deadly heat: Bangkok compared

Publication of this paper "Global risk of deadly heat" in the prestigious Nature Climate Change journal last week 

http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate3322.html

has created a considerable stir. It concludes that a deadly increase in tropical health problems is a likely outcome following man-made global warming.

How well does this hold up for Thailand? This question will be examined here starting with this brief entry showing the results of the Nature study (right) compared to recent years including the record (?) 2016 in Bangkok (left).



Following this study, almost all days in the Bangkok hot seasons (March-June) for the past few years would be categorized as "deadly", that is, they are hotter than the red line which is meant to divide various historical heat waves with and without fatalities. With humidity typically 70 percent, it follows from this study which draws from a global database (not specific to Thailand or other tropical regions) that average daily temperatures of higher than about 27 deg should be classified as "deadly". This line also corresponds closely to a wet bulb temperature of 26. Is this suggestive of fatalities? How does this compare with observations here in Thailand over the past few years, both personal and published by local researchers? Or with standards developed for military training and sports internationally?